The New Role Of Leaders

When Alfred Sloan created the modern corporation at General Motors, he based it on the military.  The company was split into divisions, each with its own leadership. Information flowed up, orders went down and your rank determined your responsibility.
The model was designed to implement strategy from the top and move men and materiel efficiently.  It assumed that leaders had better understanding than those on the lower rungs.  Managers made plans and foot soldiers carried them out.